WHAT ARE THE CONSEQUENCES OF COMPLETING AN IRONMAN?
An Ironman causes sharp but usually transient changes in biomarkers of cardiac, muscular, liver and kidney stress, requiring adequate preparation and recovery.
Read moreEnergy Balance and Nutrition Strategies for an Ironman
The popularity of ultra-endurance triathlon races (3,8 km swimming, 180 km biking, and 42,2 km running) has increased since the first Ironman was h...
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Carbohydrate Loading Before Competition
How reducing training load and increasing carbohydrate intake before competition can replenish glycogen without a preceding depletion phase.
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Energy Demands During an Ironman
Ironman races represent an extreme effort for triathletes. The physiological stress and energy demands depend on the athletes' level, varying drama...
Read moreAthletes: Monitor Your Immune Function
Engaging in moderate physical exercise provides, in the long term, benefits for the immune system. That is, maintaining an active life will improve...
Read moreHow to Assess Fitness Without an Exercise Test
During the season it is necessary to evaluate our performance in order to determine if we are achieving the expected benefits from training. In add...
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Who Lives Longer?
A study of 900 former Finnish elite athletes and their brothers found longer life expectancy and healthier habits among the athletes.
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Energy Balance and Hydration During an Ironman
Energy intake, expenditure and hydration during Ironman events, highlighting the large energy deficit and fluid losses athletes may experience.
Read moreCarbohydrates and Athletic Performance
How carbohydrate availability and intake before, during and after exercise affect glycogen, fatigue and performance, plus evidence on intake period...
Read moreImprove Performance with Caffeine
The competitions arrive and we all want to give our best. There are numerous supplements that promise to improve our performance.
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Exercise as Medicine: Preserving Muscle and Strength
How lifelong exercise may help older adults preserve muscle mass and strength, based on research comparing master athletes across different ages.
Read moreNutrition Strategies to Maximize Glycogen Before Competition
How to replenish glycogen before competition, including post-exercise carbohydrate timing, carbohydrate loading, glycemic index and recovery strate...
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